What genetic condition is indicated by an extra copy of genes on chromosome 21?

What genetic condition is indicated by an extra copy of genes on chromosome 21?

• A. Down's Syndrome
• B. Sickle Cell Anemia
• C. Cystic Fibrosis
• D. Huntington's Disease

Answer: (A)

An extra copy of genes on chromosome 21 results in Down Syndrome, also known as Trisomy 21. This condition occurs when an individual has three copies of the 21st chromosome instead of the typical two, leading to a range of physical and developmental characteristics associated with the syndrome. Individuals with Down Syndrome may have distinct facial features, cognitive delays, and an increased likelihood of certain health conditions, such as heart defects and thyroid problems. Understanding Down Syndrome is crucial because it highlights the importance of chromosomal mutations and their impact on human development. Other genetic conditions listed, such as Sickle Cell Anemia, Cystic Fibrosis, and Huntington's Disease, are related to mutations in specific genes rather than an abnormal number of chromosomes.

An extra copy of genes on chromosome 21 results in Down Syndrome, also known as Trisomy 21. This condition occurs when an individual has three copies of the 21st chromosome instead of the typical two, leading to a range of physical and developmental characteristics associated with the syndrome. Individuals with Down Syndrome may have distinct facial features, cognitive delays, and an increased likelihood of certain health conditions, such as heart defects and thyroid problems.

Understanding Down Syndrome is crucial because it highlights the importance of chromosomal mutations and their impact on human development. Other genetic conditions listed, such as Sickle Cell Anemia, Cystic Fibrosis, and Huntington's Disease, are related to mutations in specific genes rather than an abnormal number of chromosomes.